[Go] Getting Started (시작하기)

※ 08/28/2020 - v1.15

Installation

Official Homepage
https://golang.org/dl

You can download and install Go through this official website.

You can also install Go with package managers.

On MAC

$ brew install go

On Windows

I am using Chocolatey. If you use this, you can install Go like this.

$ choco install -y golang

GOROOT

On Windows

GOROOT is an installation path of Go.

Based on the current version, the Go binary contains this information and does not need to be explicitly specified.

If you change the installation path, you should set an appropriate path to the environment variable $GOROOT.

GOPATH

The environment variable $GOPATH is a workspace to develop with Go, and it must be set.

GOPATH should be different from GOROOT.

GOPATH is composed as below.

GOPATH
  +-- bin/
  +-- pkg/
  +-- src/

This structure should be maintained.

$GOPATH/src/<Repository FQDN>/<Repository Path>

You can change the location of $GOPATH if you want.

On Mac

$GOPATH is usually located in /Users/<username>/go/.

REPL (Read-Eval-Print Loop)

There is no default provided REPL in Go.

 

If you are familiar with online, you can use this site.

Online Go REPL
https://play.golang.org

Of course there are places available on other commercial sites.

 

If you are familiar with offline, you need to install 3rd party tool.

$ go get -u github.com/motemem/gore/cmd/gore

Usage

// Start
$ gore

// Finish
<CTRL-d> or :q

Formatter

Go has a built-in formatter. Go supports only one style as its own philosophy, so we can easily achieve code uniformity.

I love this thing !!!

Usage

$ gofmt -w <filename>

Adding -w option can overwrite to the certain files.

Linter

Go has built-in go vet and official tool golint as a linter.

go vet helps to find a potential bug.

golint helps to find a coding style that is not like Go.

golint is not a built-in tool, so you need to install it for using it.

$ go get -u golang.org/x/lint/golint

Usage

$ go vet <file> or <folder>
$ golint <file> or <folder>

Task Runner

Go uses Makefile as a task runner.

env Command

env command is used when check the environment variables of Go.

Usage

$ go env
$ go env GOROOT
$ go env GOPATH